A Basic Look at Ventricular Function and Cardiac Mechanics
The cardiac muscle reaches its highest state of activation at end-systole at point (Pm, Vm) on the PV-loop during the contraction phase. The end-systolic pressure-volume relation is the tangent to the PV-loop at (Pm, Vm) (ESPVR). The inclusion of the active pressure created by the myocardium in the mathematical formalism characterising the ESPVR is a…
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